Performance
1. Lead acid battery (including lead acid colloid battery) is cheap and stable in performance. Most electric vehicles on the market use this type of battery.
2. Lithium ion battery (often referred to as lithium battery) has high cost but high specific energy; High specific power; Low self discharge; No memory effect; Good circulation characteristics;; Wide working temperature range; No environmental pollution and other advantages.
3. Crystal gel battery has high cost and stable performance. It is rarely used in electric vehicles in the market. Only a few businesses provide this high-performance battery with the highest safety factor. The advantages of service life far higher than the first two types of batteries and the advantages of self repair function are also the leading position in the industry. The advantages are that lead-acid
Batteries do not have, so as to avoid the disadvantages of lead-acid battery layering.
Type
Primary battery: it can be discarded immediately after use and cannot be reused, such as carbon zinc battery, alkaline battery, mercury battery and lithium battery.
Secondary battery: rechargeable and reusable users, such as nickel cadmium rechargeable battery, nickel hydrogen rechargeable battery, lithium rechargeable battery, lead-acid battery, solar battery, crystal gel battery, lithium iron phosphate battery.
Distinguish by use
Industrial
For example, the factory is used for the product builder, which belongs to a specific shape or multiple components, such as electric tools, communication batteries, etc.
Consumer use
For example, for ordinary consumers who can purchase and replace batteries on the market, the most frequently used batteries are cylindrical protruding head batteries.
Service life
Batteries are chemical substances, so they also have a certain service life. Primary batteries, such as dry batteries (including ordinary alkaline batteries), cannot be charged. Of course, the service life is only once. For rechargeable batteries, we generally measure their service life by the number of charges. The cycle life of nickel cadmium battery is about 300~700 times, the rechargeable times of nickel hydrogen battery are generally 400~1000 times, and the lithium ion battery is 500~800 times.
The service life of rechargeable battery is not only affected by the raw materials and manufacturing process used to make the battery, but also closely related to the charging and discharging methods and actual use of the battery. For example, the six nickel cadmium batteries that someone started using in 1985 have been still in use, but the battery capacity has been reduced. It seems that as long as the use method is reasonable, the rechargeable battery can reach or even greatly exceed the nominal service life.
Reasons for premature aging of electric vehicle battery life
Why does your electric car battery cause premature aging and short life?
1. The car owner has no awareness of battery maintenance, which causes serious battery vulcanization damage. You have to wait for the battery to run out of time before coming to repair and maintain it. At this time, it is more difficult to repair. In fact, once every six months, the service life naturally extends a lot, but the car owner has no such awareness. Battery damage usually starts from excessive water loss caused by the charger.
2. Chargers are killers. There are inferior chargers and aging chargers. These battery killers generally play a killer role after 8 months of batteries. The reason is that the new battery meets the taste of these battery killers. With the aging of the battery, the battery cannot meet the requirements of the killers. By June of each year, the battery quickly loses water and is discarded and deformed.
3. The starting current of luxury electric vehicles is high, resulting in battery vulcanization. If the owner starts the car and accelerates slowly, the battery life and driving mileage will naturally increase by 20%.
4. The motor controller is damaged, resulting in short battery life. The probability is small, but there are many.
5. If you don't lose electricity, you will have a long life. The new battery can be charged every time it is used above the red light, but it cannot run without power. Every time there is a power loss, the service life will be less. The new battery will be scrapped soon after 10 times of power loss. It is necessary to charge in time to avoid power loss.
6. The most important thing is to charge properly: some people say that "the battery is not worn out but charged out", which is really correct. The charging performance of the battery plays an important role in the service life and performance of the battery, so the charging mode must be paid attention to. According to the situation of most users, the best choice is to charge the battery once when the discharge depth is 50% - 70%, which can achieve the best effect of battery life. At the same time, temperature has a considerable impact on charging.
In high temperature season, the battery is overcharged. The temperature of the battery shall be reduced as far as possible to ensure good heat dissipation and prevent charging immediately after exposure to the sun. Exposure to the sun will increase the temperature of the battery and increase the activity of various active substances in the battery, which will affect the service life of the battery. On the contrary, under low temperature, the battery has the problems of poor charging acceptance and insufficient charging. In this case, the charging voltage must be increased and the charging time must be extended, and thermal insulation and antifreeze measures must be taken to ensure sufficient charge and prolong the service life of the battery.