Classification of electric vehicles: electric vehicles are divided into two-wheel electric vehicles and three-wheel electric vehicles, as well as electric four-wheel vehicles.
The composition of electric vehicles: electric vehicles are generally composed of four parts, one, the frame, the frame parts include the car shelf, front fork, handlebar and other parts. The upper end of the front fork component is the handlebar, the front fork is matched with the frame, and the lower end is matched with the front axle and the front wheel parts to form the guiding part of the electric vehicle. The front fork rotates flexibly relative to the front tube of the frame. Turn the handlebar to drive the front fork to change the direction of the front wheel. In addition, the front fork rotation sensitivity also plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the electric vehicle when driving.
Batteries. Batteries are on-board energy sources that provide energy for electric vehicles. Currently, electric vehicles mainly use a combination of lead-acid batteries. There are electric vehicles with 48v, 60v, 72v, 84v and 96v voltage combinations. In addition, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries have also been used in some portable folding electric vehicles. The battery capacity is different, there are 12AH, 20AH, 40AH, 45AH60AH, etc.
Generally, the voltage of each battery on an electric vehicle is 12v, but the battery capacity is too small. The larger the battery capacity, the more stored power, the farther the electric vehicle can run.
There are two types of electric vehicle motors. One is a brushed motor. The brushed motor uses a direct current through the contact point of the carbon brush and the motor rotor to generate a magnetic field through a coil to drive the wheel to rotate. The other is a brushless motor. The brushless motor is actually a three-phase AC motor. The controller converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power, and performs commutation according to the sensor Hall element in the motor to make the wheels run normally. Brushless motors have no carbon brushes.
There are two types of controllers. One is a brushed controller, which is matched with a brushed motor and can only be used on a brushed electric vehicle. It directly passes the current through the governor (that is, adjusts Turn the handle) the current is provided to the brush motor. The other is the brushless controller, which is matched with the brushless motor. The brushless controller converts the direct current into three-phase current, and provides the brushless motor through the speed regulator. And according to the sensor Hall element in the motor to perform commutation to make the motor run normally.