Simply speaking, the electric vehicle controller is composed of peripheral devices and a main chip (or microcontroller). Peripheral devices are some functional devices, such as execution, sampling, etc. They are resistors, sensors, bridge switch circuits, and devices that assist microcontrollers or special integrated circuits to complete the control process; microcontrollers, also called microcontrollers, are integrated circuits on an integrated chip. Memory, decoder with signal language conversion, sawtooth wave generator and pulse width modulation functional circuit, as well as the ability to turn on or off the power tube of the switching circuit, and control the conduction time of the power tube through square waves to control the motor speed. The driver circuit, input and output ports, etc. are integrated together to form a computer chip. This is the intelligence of electric bicycles
controller.
The working principle of electric vehicles mainly relies on its controller to coordinate the work of other accessories such as motors and batteries. In the electric vehicle controller industry, the market share of high-standard controllers has always ranked first in the industry.
The basic principle of the electric vehicle controller is to use intermittent power supply method under the condition that the battery voltage is basically constant, and change the average value of the motor supply voltage to control the motor speed and current. To make the operation of the motor meet the control requirements, the main control method currently adopted is the PWM pulse width modulation control mechanism (Note: Within the required time, the DC voltage is modulated into a series of voltage pulses of equal amplitude and unequal width to achieve the control frequency , voltage, current purpose).
The electric vehicle controller uses the PWM circuit to control the motor output power. What realizes the switching modulation function is the high-frequency switching power device MOS tube. It is used as a switch to perform high-frequency chopper intermittent power supply, thus effectively solving the problem of the motor. speed and current controllability.